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Natural Selection · CAPE Biology Unit 1

60 past-paper questions on Natural Selection, part of Genetics, Variation and Natural Selection, from every CAPE Biology Unit 1 paper on Quelpr.

Practise Natural Selection
  1. 2(b)(i)4 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q2 2(b)(i)With reference to average beak depth (indicated by the broken line in Figure 3) and nature of the frequency distributions of the two populations, determine what effect the drought had on the finch populations. Quote…
  2. 2(b)(ii)3 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q2 2(b)(ii)With the aid of a simple diagram, comment on the type of selection illustrated by the data shown in Figure 3.
  3. 2(c)(i)1 mark· Biology · Unit 1 Q2 2(c)(i)Using the axes provided in Figure 3, illustrate the effect of disruptive selection on the population distribution in Figure 2.
  4. 2(c)(ii)3 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q2 2(c)(ii)Using Darwin's theory of natural selection, explain how disruptive selection can lead to the formation of new species.
  5. 3(a)4 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q3 3(a)Using distinguishing features of these reptiles, construct a set of dichotomous keys to assist in their identification.
  6. 3(a)(i)5 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q3 3(a)(i)On Figure 3, complete the histogram of the typical birth-weight of babies over a 10-year period. (Note that portions of this histogram have been pre-drawn.)
  7. 3(a)(ii)5 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q3 3(a)(ii)Also on Figure 3, construct a graph of the percentage mortality of babies in relation to birth-weight. (Use a best-fit graph line.)
  8. 3(b)2 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q3 3(b)State THREE types of selection mentioned in the paragraph, and for EACH type, paraphrase a sentence from the passage to describe it.
  9. 3(b)3 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q3 3(b)With reference to the graphs drawn on page 10, comment on the effect of birth-weight on mortality.
  10. 3(c)1 mark· Biology · Unit 1 Q3 3(c)What effect would the observations you made in (b) have on the gene pool controlling the birth-weight of the foetus?
  11. 3(d)1 mark· Biology · Unit 1 Q3 3(d)What is this type of selection called?
  12. 5(a)7 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q5 5(a)State TWO ways in which variation can occur in sexually produced organisms and by means of a graph and an example, explain what is meant by EACH of the following: (i) 'Directional selection' (ii) 'Stabilising selection'
  13. 5(a)5 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q5 5(a)State FOUR observations and THREE deductions that formed the basis of Darwin's theory of natural selection.
  14. 5(a)(i)2 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q5 5(a)(i)State ONE definition of a species in terms of breeding behaviour.
  15. 5(a)(i)6 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q5 5(a)(i)Applying Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection, discuss how resistance to antibiotics could have evolved in bacteria. Include in your discussion a concise explanation of natural selection.
  16. 5(a)(ii)6 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q5 5(a)(ii)Discuss the limitations of defining a 'species' in terms of breeding.
  17. 5(b)4 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q5 5(b)Use the theory of natural selection to explain how a new species can evolve from an existing one by allopatric (geographical) speciation.
  18. 5(b)7 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q5 5(b)Define the term 'speciation', and using examples, explain how geographical isolation may lead to speciation.
  19. 5(b)(i)3 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q5 5(b)(i)Which of the three types of natural selection BEST describes the example above? Justify your choice.
  20. 5(b)(i)4 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q5 5(b)(i)With reference to animal populations, outline the process by which a new species may arise from a previously existing one.
  21. 5(b)(ii)3 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q5 5(b)(ii)Comment on the basis of this mechanism.
  22. 5(b)(ii)4 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q5 5(b)(ii)Discuss how the frequency of the distribution of phenotypes in the example above would be different if the other two types of selection operated.
  23. 8(a)10 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q8 8(a)Describe the biological-species concept and state the limitations of this concept. Explain how new species are formed.
  24. 8(b)5 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q8 8(b)Suggest how environmental factors act to preserve the alleles for both normal haemoglobin and sickle cell haemoglobin in native Africans living in Africa.
  25. 8(b)5 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q8 8(b)Discuss the importance of maintaining genetic diversity in plant and animal populations.
  26. 9(a)(i)6 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(i)Describe the THREE types of natural selection.
  27. 9(a)(i)6 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(i)Define the term 'environment', and explain the influence of ONE physical factor and ONE biotic factor, on the environment.
  28. 9(a)(ii)1 mark· Biology · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(ii)Define the term 'evolution', and explain the difference between the terms 'allopatric' and 'sympatric'.
  29. 9(a)(ii)4 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(ii)Explain how environmental factors can act as forces of natural selection.
  30. 9(b)4 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q9 9(b)Give FOUR reasons for the importance of maintaining biodiversity on earth.
  31. 9(b)(i)5 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q9 9(b)(i)Identify the TYPE of speciation that occurred and indicate the mechanisms that contributed to it.
  32. 9(b)(ii)5 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q9 9(b)(ii)Identify the type of speciation that occurred and indicate the mechanisms that contributed to it.
  33. 9(c)(i)8 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q9 9(c)(i)Stabilizing selection
  34. 9(c)(ii)1 mark· Biology · Unit 1 Q9 9(c)(ii)Directional selection
  35. 9(d)2 marks· Biology · Unit 1 Q9 9(d)"Disruptive selection is closely associated with speciation." Comment on this statement.
  36. Q381 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2007 · Paper 1Three of the hypotheses in the theory of natural selection are: I. Individuals may differ from one another as a result of chance variation. II. More offspring are born than can survive and reproduce. III. There is a…
  37. Q391 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2007 · Paper 1Speciation is the process by which new species arise. Which TWO of the following ways, listed I to IV, BEST promote this? I. Organisms produce large numbers of progeny. II. A local population becomes isolated from the…
  38. Q391 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2007 (Specimen) · Paper 1Which of the following BEST explains the type of natural selection exhibited by the peppered moths living in a polluted area?
  39. Q261 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2008 (Rest of Region) · Paper 1Item 26 refers to the graph which shows the effect of a pesticide on houseflies. A fixed amount of chemical was used each year during the rainy season, and the data were collected over a number of years. Which of the…
  40. Q281 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2009 · Paper 1Giraffes are thought to have evolved long necks due to a short supply of food. Selection pressure favoured those with long necks who were able to reach enough food to survive. This type of selection is known as
  41. Q301 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2009 · Paper 1Which of the following plays the MOST significant role in allopatric speciation?
  42. Q291 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2010 · Paper 1Both Pinus radiata and Pinus attenuata occupy the same habitat. However, Pinus radiata flowers in February while Pinus attenuata flowers in April. What type of isolating mechanism does this exemplify?
  43. Q291 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2011 · Paper 1Both Pinus radiata and Pinus attenuata occupy the same habitat. However, Pinus radiata flowers in February while Pinus attenuata flowers in April. What type of isolating mechanism does this exemplify?
  44. Q281 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2012 · Paper 1Giraffes are thought to have evolved long necks due to a short supply of food. Selection pressure favoured those with long necks who were able to reach enough food to survive. This type of selection is known as
  45. Q301 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2012 · Paper 1Which of the following plays the MOST significant role in allopatric speciation?
  46. Q241 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2013 · Paper 1Environmental factors that keep populations in check are called selection pressures. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an example of selection pressure?
  47. Q281 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2013 · Paper 1Giraffes are thought to have evolved long necks due to a short supply of food. Selection pressure favoured those with long necks who were able to reach enough food to survive. This type of selection is known as
  48. Q291 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2013 · Paper 1Which type of isolation plays the MOST significant role in allopatric speciation?
  49. Q241 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2014 · Paper 1Environmental factors that keep populations in check are called selection pressures. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an example of selection pressure?
  50. Q291 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2014 · Paper 1Which of the following plays the MOST significant role in allopatric speciation?
  51. Q281 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2015 · Paper 1Which of the following is NOT one of Darwin's observations about natural selection?
  52. Q301 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · 2015 · Paper 1Which type of isolation plays the MOST significant role in allopatric speciation?
  53. 2(a)(i)6 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · May/June 2019 · Paper 2Plot a line graph on the grid provided showing the relative growth rate (y-axis) vs tetracycline concentration (x-axis) for both the sensitive and resistant strains of bacteria.
  54. 2(a)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · May/June 2019 · Paper 2Outline the effect of antibiotic concentrations of 0.1 ug/ml and 0.7 ug/ml on BOTH bacterial populations.
  55. 2(a)(iii)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · May/June 2019 · Paper 2Explain how the differences between the growth rates of the bacteria could lead to natural selection.
  56. 2(c)8 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · May/June 2019 · Paper 2Discuss the process of natural selection as proposed by Darwin to be the mechanism of evolutionary change.
  57. 2(b)(i)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · May/June 2022 · Paper 2Define the term 'natural selection'.
  58. 2(b)(ii)3 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · May/June 2022 · Paper 2List THREE of Darwin's observations concerning natural selection.
  59. 2(c)(i)5 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · May/June 2022 · Paper 2On the grid provided on page 15, plot a line graph to represent the data in Table 1 for Pond A, Pond B and Pond C.
  60. 2(c)(ii)6 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 1 · May/June 2022 · Paper 2Using the information given on page 14, discuss how the results of John Endler's experiment, as it relates to variation in the number of spots in male guppies, may support THREE of Darwin's deductions regarding natural…

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