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The Circulatory System of Mammals · CAPE Biology Unit 2

95 past-paper questions on The Circulatory System of Mammals, part of Biosystems Maintenance, from every CAPE Biology Unit 2 paper on Quelpr.

Practise The Circulatory System of Mammals
  1. 1(b)2 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q1 1(b)List TWO characteristics of gaseous exchange surfaces in mammals.
  2. 1(c)6 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q1 1(c)Suggest THREE ways in which respiration differs from breathing.
  3. 1(d)(i)1 mark· Biology · Unit 2 Q1 1(d)(i)Name the process being demonstrated in Figure 1.
  4. 1(d)(ii)4 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q1 1(d)(ii)Name the structures in humans that are represented by the following labels on the apparatus in Figure 1. Label: Glass tube (vertical), Balloons, Bell jar, Rubber sheet. Name of corresponding structure:
  5. 1(d)(iii)2 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q1 1(d)(iii)Suggest TWO reasons why a glass bell jar was used instead of a plastic bag, in setting up the experiment.
  6. 1(d)(iv)2 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q1 1(d)(iv)State TWO consequences of a puncture in the human structure that is represented by the rubber sheet.
  7. 1(d)(v)1 mark· Biology · Unit 2 Q1 1(d)(v)During the experiment, a student pulls the rubber sheet downwards. State the expected observation.
  8. 1(d)(vi)2 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q1 1(d)(vi)Give TWO reasons for the expected observation stated in (v).
  9. 1(e)3 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q1 1(e)List THREE precautions that should be taken when setting up the apparatus in Figure 1 on page 5.
  10. 2(a)(i)2 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(i)Define the term 'myogenic'.
  11. 2(a)(i)3 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(i)Name EACH of the following chambers shown in Figure 4.
  12. 2(a)(ii)5 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(ii)In the space provided, draw a detailed drawing of the same size and proportion as the heart specimen shown in Figure 4 on page 10.
  13. 2(a)(ii)2 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(ii)State ONE role of EACH of the following structures in the heart during the initiation and coordination of the cardiac cycle: Sinoatrial node (SAN), Purkyne tissue.
  14. 2(a)(iii)2 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(iii)Use the information in Figure 2 to calculate the heart rate in beats per minute.
  15. 2(a)(iv)1 mark· Biology · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(iv)Using the information in Figure 2, state ONE reason why Point X indicates the opening of the semilunar valve of the aorta.
  16. 2(a)(v)1 mark· Biology · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(v)Label the graph in Figure 2 using an arrow and the letter Y to show when the atrioventricular valves open.
  17. 2(a)(vi)1 mark· Biology · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(vi)Label the graph in Figure 2 using a double-ended arrow and the letter Z to show when the ventricle is being filled with blood.
  18. 2(c)7 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q2 2(c)In the space provided below, draw a diagram of ONE red blood cell and ONE white blood cell shown in Figure 3.
  19. 2(d)8 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q2 2(d)Justify why cardiac output increases during peak performance in athletes (80–120 bpm) but decreases when heart rate exceeds 160 bpm.
  20. 3(c)(i)2 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q3 3(c)(i)Complete Table 5 by calculating the missing values for Individual A and Individual B.
  21. 3(c)(ii)2 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q3 3(c)(ii)Identify whether EACH individual is elite trained (performing at least one hour of daily intense aerobic activity) or untrained (engages in moderate aerobic activity occasionally), based on the values calculated in (c)…
  22. 3(c)(iii)8 marks· Biology · Unit 2 Q3 3(c)(iii)Discuss how the following improvements in cardiovascular health shown in Figure 6 impact cardiac output. You MUST present your response in complete paragraphs. Vasodilation. Increase in mitochondria.
  23. 4(a)1 mark· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2003 · Paper 1Deduce the type of blood vessel shown in Figure 4 and give ONE reason for your answer.
  24. 4(b)1 mark· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2003 · Paper 1Using your knowledge of the diameter of a red blood cell, determine the length of the section of the vessel labelled A.
  25. 4(c)(i)1 mark· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2003 · Paper 1After exercising vigorously, a person's face may become flushed red. State what causes the face to appear red.
  26. 4(c)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2003 · Paper 1If you were cut while exercising, state ONE way by which you could determine whether you had cut an artery or a vein.
  27. 4(d)3 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2003 · Paper 1Clearly indicate on Figure 5 the positions of: (i) Sinoatrial node, (ii) Atrioventricular node, and (iii) Purkyne tissue.
  28. 4(e)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2003 · Paper 1In a condition known as fibrillation, the heart pace-maker fails. Deduce what would occur as a result of this situation.
  29. 6(a)(i)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 2Describe the structure of a red blood cell.
  30. 6(a)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 2Explain how red blood cells have the ability to carry large amounts of oxygen.
  31. 6(a)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 2Describe how old erythrocytes are removed from the blood and disposed of in the body.
  32. 6(b)(i)8 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 2During a space mission, a fault in the air filters caused an increase in carbon dioxide in the air. Discuss how this affects the oxygenation of the blood and the offloading of oxygen in the tissues.
  33. 6(b)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 2On earth, at sea level, an oxygen partial pressure of 5 kPa results in a 50% saturation of haemoglobin by oxygen, and a partial pressure of 10 kPa results in a 95% saturation of haemoglobin. What would be the effect, in…
  34. 6(a)(i)6 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 2Describe the forces and conditions which cause blood from the right atrium to enter and fill the right ventricle.
  35. 6(a)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 2The right and left ventricles force blood out of the heart at pressures of approximately 4 kPa and 16 kPa respectively. Explain why this difference is necessary.
  36. 6(b)(i)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 2Discuss how the blood vessels of the circulatory system are adapted structurally and functionally to the distribution of blood.
  37. 6(b)(ii)3 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 2Discuss how the blood vessels of the circulatory system are adapted structurally and functionally to the return of blood.
  38. 6(b)(iii)3 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 2Discuss how the blood vessels of the circulatory system are adapted structurally and functionally to the interchange of substances with the tissues.
  39. 2(a)(i)3 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Make a plan drawing (without drawing individual cells) in outline of the structures shown in Figure 3(a) at a magnification of x1.
  40. 2(a)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Using a ruled square or rectangle, indicate on Figure 3(b) the location corresponding to the drawing provided in (a)(i).
  41. 2(b)(i)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Identify each of the structures marked A, B, C, and D on Figure 3(a).
  42. 2(b)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Identify the areas labelled E and F on Figure 3(a).
  43. 2(c)1 mark· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2State the width of the wall at G as a proportion of the wall width at H.
  44. 2(d)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Give a reason for the difference in wall width between G and H.
  45. 5(a)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2008 (Rest of Region) · Paper 2Describe the ways in which red blood cells and haemoglobin molecules are effective in maximising the uptake of oxygen.
  46. 5(b)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2008 (Rest of Region) · Paper 2Explain the Bohr Effect and its implications for the stability of oxyhaemoglobin in active muscle tissue.
  47. 2(b)(i)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2008 (T&T) · Paper 2Illustrate and label the main chambers of the mammalian heart in longitudinal section.
  48. 2(b)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2008 (T&T) · Paper 2Use arrows on your drawing to illustrate the circuit of blood flow through the chambers of the heart.
  49. 2(b)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2008 (T&T) · Paper 2Identify which chamber of the heart plays the most important role in pumping, and describe its main structural feature contributing to this function.
  50. 2(c)(i)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Identify the tissues labelled A, B, C and D on Figure 3.
  51. 2(c)(ii)5 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2In the box provided, draw a plan diagram to show the distribution of the major tissues of the artery wall in Box A of Figure 3 at twice the size.
  52. 2(c)(iii)1 mark· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Given that Figure 3 has been magnified 100 times, calculate the ACTUAL width of the artery wall in the region of Box A.
  53. Q201 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 1The tunica externa found in the walls of certain blood vessels is made up of MAINLY
  54. Q211 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 1The first sound in the cardiac cycle is caused by the
  55. Q221 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 1Item 22 refers to the following diagram of the heart and associated blood vessels. The inferior vena cava is represented by
  56. Q231 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 1Which of the following structures must be stimulated to increase heart rate?
  57. Q241 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 1Item 24 refers to the graph below which shows the sigmoid (S-shaped) dissociation curve for haemoglobin of a human adult. During cycling, the partial pressure of oxygen found in the pulmonary vein leaving the lungs and…
  58. 5(a)(i)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 2Explain why haemoglobin functions as an efficient carrier of oxygen in blood.
  59. 5(a)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 2Using haemoglobin as an example, and with the aid of a diagram, describe an oxygen dissociation curve.
  60. Q231 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 1Which of the following structures must be stimulated to increase heart rate?
  61. Q241 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 1The inferior vena cava is labelled as
  62. Q331 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 1Which of the following correctly identifies the structure labelled Y?
  63. 2(a)(i)5 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2In the boxes in Figure 3, use annotated labels to describe the structure of A, B, C, D and E.
  64. 2(a)(ii)3 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2State the role of EACH of A, C, and D in the functioning of the heart.
  65. 2(a)(iii)1 mark· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2State the role of the autonomic nervous system in the functioning of the heart.
  66. Q201 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 1The tunica externa found in the walls of arteries and veins is made up of MAINLY
  67. Q211 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 1Item 21 refers to the following graph which shows changes in blood pressure in the left ventricle during the cardiac cycle. Valves open and close due to changes in pressure. Which of the following labels, I, II, III…
  68. Q221 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 1Item 22 refers to the following diagram of the heart and associated blood vessels. The inferior vena cava is represented by
  69. Q231 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 1Which of the following structures must be stimulated to increase heart rate?
  70. Q241 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 1Item 24 refers to the following graph which shows the sigmoid (S-shaped) dissociation curve for haemoglobin of a human adult. During cycling, the partial pressure of oxygen found in the pulmonary vein leaving the lungs…
  71. 2(b)(i)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 2Distinguish between systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
  72. 2(b)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 2Describe the overall trends in systolic and diastolic blood pressure with increasing age in the population shown in Figure 5.
  73. 2(b)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 2State what deduction can be made regarding the relationship between gender and blood pressure from Figure 5.
  74. Q211 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 1The atrioventricular valves open at
  75. Q221 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 1At which of the following stages are the heart sounds, 'lub' and 'dub' produced?
  76. Q231 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 1Which of the following structures must be stimulated to increase heart rate?
  77. Q241 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 1From the graph, it can be deduced that
  78. 2(c)(i)3 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 2Identify the structures labelled A, B, and C in Figure 4.
  79. 2(c)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 2Explain how arterial pressure is affected if the structure labelled D is defective.
  80. Q201 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 1Which of the following is true for the structure labelled X?
  81. Q211 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 1Valves open and close due to changes in pressure. Which of the labels, I, II, III and IV, correctly identifies the point on the graph when the aortic valve closes?
  82. Q221 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 1In the mammalian heart, heartbeat is initiated in the
  83. Q231 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 1During cycling, the partial pressure of oxygen found in the pulmonary vein leaving the lungs and in a vein leaving a muscle is MOST likely
  84. Q241 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 1Which of the following explains the physiological significance of the Bohr effect in mammalian muscle?
  85. 2(c)(i)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 2In the region highlighted by Box A on Figure 3, draw cellular details of the tissue layers.
  86. 2(c)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 2With reference to the structural features in Figure 3, explain how an artery is able to withstand high blood pressure pumped from the heart.
  87. 2(c)(iii)1 mark· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 2State ONE major difference that would be observed if a plan drawing of a vein's cross section were examined.
  88. 5(b)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 2Starting with atrial systole, describe the mammalian cardiac cycle, including cycle initiation and mechanisms preventing reverse blood flow.
  89. 5(c)6 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 2Explain the regulatory effects of blood carbon dioxide levels and the hormone adrenaline on heart action.
  90. 2(a)(i)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2016 · Paper 2On the grid provided on page 9, plot a line graph of saturation of haemoglobin at various partial pressures of oxygen.
  91. 2(a)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2016 · Paper 2With reference to the shape of the plotted graph, describe the observed changes in oxygen uptake by haemoglobin as oxygen concentration increases.
  92. 2(a)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2016 · Paper 2Comment on the significance of this response for oxygen transport in the body.
  93. 2(b)(i)4 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2018 · Paper 2Explain what is meant by EACH of the following terms: - Blood pressure - Pulse
  94. 2(b)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2018 · Paper 2Describe the effect of EACH of the following parameters on blood pressure and pulse rate: - Sleep - Fluoxetine
  95. 2(b)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2018 · Paper 2Should John continue to take fluoxetine? Give a reason for your answer.

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