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9 marksEcological Systems, Biodiversity and Conservations

CAPE Biology Unit 2 · May/June 2025 · Paper 2 · Question 1(c)(ii)

The United Nations Environment Science and Culture Organization (UNESCO) reported climate change as a major driver of biodiversity erosion. Climate change effects include increased catastrophic weather events, rising sea levels, and increased drought.

Explain the impact of climate change on EACH of the following components of biodiversity. You MUST present your response in complete paragraphs: Species diversity, Genetic diversity, Ecosystem diversity.

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Other parts of this question

  1. 1(a)(i)Name the THREE stages of the light-independent reactions that occur in the Calvin cycle, labelled X, Y and Z in Figure 1.[3 marks]
  2. 1(a)(ii)State the functions of reduced NADP+ and ATP in the light-independent reactions.[2 marks]
  3. 1(a)(iii)Outline a suitable procedure for conducting the investigation.[5 marks]
  4. 1(b)(i)Given the information above, construct a pyramid of energy with corresponding values for the mangrove ecosystem.[4 marks]
  5. 1(b)(ii)Determine the productivity of the producer in the mangrove ecosystem if 1 000 000 kJ m⁻² yr⁻¹ of energy is provided by sunlight to the mangrove.[2 marks]
  6. 1(b)(iii)State TWO reasons why all the energy available from sunlight is not used by the algae.[2 marks]
  7. 1(c)(i)Define EACH of the following components of biodiversity: Species diversity, Genetic diversity, Ecosystem diversity.[3 marks]

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