CSEC Human and Social Biology · May/June 2017 · Paper 2

33 questions and parts from this paper. Open one to see it in full, then practise it on Quelpr and get it marked against the mark scheme.

1. 1(a)(i)3 marksBased on the results in Table 1, deduce which macronutrients are present and which macronutrient is absent in the food sample.
2. 1(a)(ii)1 markIdentify from the given options (Mango, Fried chicken, French fries, Beef patties) the food that is most likely the sample tested.
3. 1(b)(i)2 marksDefine what is meant by a 'balanced diet'.
4. 1(b)(ii)4 marksDiscuss how dietary requirements differ between: • A pregnant woman and a non-pregnant woman of the same age • A young person and an older person.
5. 1(c)(i)1 markReza consumes 500 mg of vitamin A daily for poor vision, whereas the daily requirement is 90 mg. Explain what is most likely to happen to the excess vitamin A.
6. 1(c)(ii)3 marksState a deficiency disease associated with a lack of each of the following: • Vitamin C • Iron • Vitamin D
7. 1(d)1 markState one reason why dietary fibre is essential in the human diet.
8. 2(a)(i)2 marksIdentify the anatomical structures labelled X and Y in Figure 1.
9. 2(a)(ii)1 markState one function of the structure labelled X.
10. 2(b)3 marksComplete the table by providing the blood cell name (A), the function of white blood cells (B), and the shape of platelets (C).
11. 2(c)4 marksExplain why sickle-cell anaemia causes George to experience fatigue.
12. 2(d)(i)2 marksExplain the difference between blood plasma and serum.
13. 2(d)(ii)3 marksExplain the relationship between blood plasma and tissue fluid.
14. 3(a)(i)1 markIdentify which letter in Figure 2 represents the triceps muscle.
15. 3(a)(ii)2 marksState which letters represent the origin and the insertion of the triceps muscle.
16. 3(a)(iii)1 markIdentify the type of joint labelled D.
17. 3(a)(iv)1 markState the type of movement permitted by joint D.
18. 3(b)(i)4 marksDescribe how the biceps and triceps act antagonistically during biceps curls to achieve flexion and extension of the arm.
19. 3(b)(ii)2 marksDefine 'muscle tone' and suggest how having good muscle tone benefits joints.
20. 3(c)(i)3 marksAdvise Diana on the correct physical technique for lifting heavy objects safely.
21. 3(c)(ii)1 markSuggest a consequence or injury that could occur if Diana fails to maintain correct posture while lifting.
22. 4(a)2 marksDefine the term 'homeostasis'.
23. 4(b)4 marksIn the table provided, name two organs involved in homeostasis and identify one excretory product eliminated by each organ.
24. 4(c)(i)2 marksExplain the hormonal mechanism that facilitates the uptake of glucose into body cells following digestion of carbohydrates.
25. 4(c)(ii)2 marksBy 4:00 p.m., Kenrick's blood glucose is low. Explain the physiological process that occurs in his body to restore normal blood glucose levels.
26. 4(c)(iii)1 markAfter consuming a large meal rich in carbohydrates and fats, state what happens to the excess glucose absorbed into his body.
27. 4(d)4 marksExplain how diet and physical exercise help prevent or manage one specified lifestyle-related chronic disease.
28. 5(a)6 marksState two signs or symptoms of an asthma attack, identify two environmental factors that can trigger an attack, and explain how asthma alters the structures and function of the respiratory system.
29. 5(b)(i)4 marksDistinguish between communicable (infectious) and non-communicable diseases, giving one example of each.
30. 5(b)(ii)5 marksExplain the correlation between poor genital hygiene in males and the development of cervical cancer in female partners, highlighting how male circumcision provides protection.
31. 6(a)3 marksName the disease caused by Vibrio cholerae and describe two primary symptoms associated with it.
32. 6(b)6 marksDescribe how the drop latrine operates, propose an appropriate alternative small-scale sanitation system, and justify your recommendation.
33. 6(c)6 marksExplain three actions that a community can implement to decrease or prevent water pollution.