CSEC Human and Social Biology · January 2012 · Paper 2

36 questions and parts from this paper. Open one to see it in full, then practise it on Quelpr and get it marked against the mark scheme.

1. 1(a)2 marksFill in the blanks using terms from the list (evaporates, condenses, evaporation, condensation) to describe water vapour formation and cooling.
2. 1(b)2 marksState TWO agricultural practices that could lead to water contamination.
3. 1(c)2 marksIdentify TWO diseases transmitted through contaminated water.
4. 1(d)(i)3 marksUsing the provided grid in Figure 1, plot a histogram displaying the data presented in Table 1.
5. 1(d)(ii)2 marksBased on the information in Table 1, explain the relationship between levels of pollutants and the occurrence of cancer.
6. 1(d)(iii)2 marksProvide ONE explanation for the significant rise in cancer cases between 2000 and 2009 relative to the modest 2% rise in pollutants.
7. 1(e)(i)1 markState the objective of the experiment shown in Figure 2.
8. 1(e)(ii)1 markIdentify ONE hazard associated with performing this microbiological culturing procedure.
9. 2(a)3 marksName the anatomical structures indicated by letters A, B, and C in Figure 3.
10. 2(b)3 marksUsing the terms (Thin, Thick, Elastic, Inelastic, Absent, Present), complete Table 2 to compare three structural characteristics between arteries and veins.
11. 2(c)(i)3 marksReferring to the right side of the heart in Figure 3, explain how it functions as a pump regarding the entry and exit of blood.
12. 2(c)(ii)1 markIdentify the valve or structure preventing backflow between the chambers on the left side of the heart.
13. 2(c)(iii)1 markName the action of the heart muscle that forces blood out under high pressure.
14. 2(d)(i)2 marksExplain why having weakened muscular walls on the left side of the heart causes a patient to feel a lack of energy.
15. 2(d)(ii)2 marksDescribe the impact that chronic high blood pressure can have on the left side of the heart.
16. 3(a)(i)a)2 marksGive ONE advantage and ONE disadvantage of sexual reproduction.
17. 3(a)(i)b)2 marksGive ONE advantage and ONE disadvantage of asexual reproduction.
18. 3(a)(ii)2 marksState TWO biological examples of asexual reproduction.
19. 3(b)(i)2 marksDescribe the physiological relationship between the hormone oestrogen and ovulation.
20. 3(b)(ii)2 marksState the function of the uterine lining (endometrium) during pregnancy.
21. 3(b)(iii)1 markIdentify the hormone responsible for stimulating the thickening of the uterine lining.
22. 3(b)(iv)4 marksSuggest TWO mechanisms by which a contraceptive designed to target the uterine lining prevents pregnancy.
23. 4(a)(i)2 marksDefine what is meant by 'homeostasis'.
24. 4(a)(ii)3 marksDefine 'negative feedback mechanism' and provide ONE physiological example.
25. 4(b)(i)1 markDefine the term 'excretion'.
26. 4(b)(ii)4 marksReferring to Figure 4, explain the functioning of the Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henlé, and distal convoluted tubule when a person consumes excess water.
27. 4(b)(iii)1 markDescribe how the colour of urine changes when consuming large amounts of water compared to drinking very little water.
28. 4(c)4 marksTrace the pathway taken by carbon dioxide from its cellular site of production to the alveoli (air sacs) in the lungs.
29. 5(a)(i)4 marksState TWO categories of disease other than degenerative and inherited, and identify the causative factor for each.
30. 5(a)(ii)2 marksIdentify ONE trigger factor for asthma attacks and state ONE method used to treat it.
31. 5(b)2 marksExplain the importance and purpose of childhood vaccinations to parents.
32. 5(c)7 marksDescribe the natural immunity transferred to an infant from the mother, and compare its characteristics with the artificial immunity gained through vaccination.
33. 6(a)(i)2 marksList TWO functions of the skeleton other than enabling movement.
34. 6(a)(ii)4 marksName TWO distinct types of synovial joints and state the movement permitted by each.
35. 6(b)(i)5 marksExplain, in terms of the interaction between muscles, bones, and tendons, why an individual cannot lift objects when the tendons attached to the radius are severed.
36. 6(b)(ii)4 marksExplain how leaking or loss of synovial fluid from the knee joint produces severe pain during movement.