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Structure and Formulae · CAPE Chemistry Unit 2

114 past-paper questions on Structure and Formulae, part of The Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, from every CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 paper on Quelpr.

Practise Structure and Formulae
  1. 2(a)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2006 · Paper 2Calculate the oxidation number of chlorine in NH₄ClO₄.
  2. 7(a)(i)5 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2006 · Paper 2Suggest the structure for EACH of substances A to E.
  3. 7(a)(ii)5 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2006 · Paper 2A to E may be a Period 3 element or its oxide or chloride. Suggest the identity of the substances, A to E.
  4. 2(b)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Suggest ONE reason for the differences in physical states among chlorine (gas), bromine (liquid), and iodine (solid) at room temperature and pressure.
  5. 7(a)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Describe the trend in electrical conductivities of Group IV elements and relate it to their physical structure.
  6. 7(b)(i)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2State the type of bonding found in CO2.
  7. 7(b)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2State the type of bonding found in SiO2.
  8. 7(b)(iii)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2State the type of bonding found in GeO2.
  9. 7(b)(iv)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2State the type of bonding found in PbO2.
  10. 4(c)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2008 (T&T) · Paper 2Give TWO characteristics of a homologous series.
  11. 4(d)(i)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2008 (T&T) · Paper 2What is meant by the term 'structural isomerism'?
  12. 4(d)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2008 (T&T) · Paper 2Using the molecular formula, C3H8O, draw the displayed formulae of TWO structural isomers.
  13. 4(a)(i)a)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Define 'Stereoisomerism'.
  14. 4(a)(i)b)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Define 'Chiral centre'.
  15. 4(a)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Copy the displayed formula of alanine in your answer booklet. Place an asterisk (*) to identify the chiral centre AND state the type of isomerism exhibited.
  16. 4(a)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Write the displayed formulae of the two isomers of alanine.
  17. 4(a)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2Explain why compounds A and B are structural isomers.
  18. 4(b)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2Name two functional groups present in both molecules A and B.
  19. 4(c)(i)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2Draw the displayed formula of compound A and circle the chiral carbon atom on the molecule.
  20. 4(c)(ii)3 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2Draw the geometrical isomers (cis and trans / E and Z) of compound B, and explain why B has no optical isomers.
  21. 4(a)(i)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 2Define the term 'structural isomerism'.
  22. 4(a)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 2Identify TWO types of structural isomers, giving an example of EACH.
  23. 4(b)4 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 210 cm³ of a gaseous hydrocarbon were mixed with 45 cm³ of oxygen and exploded. After cooling to room temperature, the residual gases occupied 30 cm³. By absorption with NaOH solution, a decrease in volume of 20 cm³ was…
  24. Q11 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 1Which statement is true about \text{C}-\text{C} bonds?
  25. Q21 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 1The IUPAC name for the structure is
  26. Q31 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 1The compound which shows both cis-trans isomerism and optical isomerism is
  27. Q41 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 1Volatility of organic compounds depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces present. Which compound below would be the MOST volatile?
  28. 1(a)8 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2Draw and state the name of FOUR isomeric alcohols with molecular formula C4H10O.
  29. 1(b)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2Identify the type of isomerism illustrated in (a).
  30. 1(c)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2State ONE other type of isomerism that can be displayed by alcohols.
  31. 4(b)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2State whether Compound A exhibits geometric (cis/trans) isomerism.
  32. 4(c)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2Give TWO reasons for your answer in (b).
  33. Q11 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 1Item 1 refers to the following diagram. Based on the IUPAC rules, the name of the compound above is
  34. Q21 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 1A hydrocarbon contains 87.8% carbon and 12.2% hydrogen by mass. Its empirical formula is
  35. Q111 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 1Which of the following pairs of compounds are optical isomers?
  36. 1(b)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 2Draw the likely chemical structure for Compound Z based on the observations in Table 1.
  37. Q11 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 1Combustion analysis of 0.18\text{ g} of an organic compound produces 0.396\text{ g} of carbon dioxide and 0.216\text{ g} of water. The empirical formula of the compound, given that it contains carbon, hydrogen and…
  38. Q21 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 1Which of the following compounds show optical activity? I. \text{CH}_3\text{CH(OH) COOH} II. \text{HOCH} = \text{CHOH} III. \text{CH}_3\text{CH (Cl) CH}_3 IV. \text{HC(Br) I Cl}
  39. Q31 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 1Volatility of organic compounds depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces present. Which compound below is the MOST volatile?
  40. 4(b)(i)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 2Write the name of Compound A.
  41. 4(b)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 2Explain the nature of the isomerism exhibited by Compound A.
  42. 4(b)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 2Draw the structural formulae of the isomers showing the relationship between them.
  43. 4(c)(i)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 2State the name of the compound, B.
  44. 5(d)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 2Write the structural formula of an isomer possessing similar physical properties as X.
  45. Q11 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 1Item 1 refers to the following structure. Based on the IUPAC rules, the name of the compound above is
  46. Q21 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 1A hydrocarbon contains 87.8\% carbon and 12.2\% hydrogen by mass. Its empirical formula is
  47. 1(b)(i)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 2Account for the tetravalency of the carbon atom.
  48. Q11 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2016 · Paper 1Combustion analysis of 0.18 g of an organic compound produces 0.396 g of carbon dioxide and 0.216 g of water. The empirical formula of the compound, given that it contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only, is
  49. Q21 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2016 · Paper 1Which of the following compounds show optical activity? I. \text{CH}_3\text{CH(OH) COOH} II. \text{HOCH=CHOH} III. \text{CH}_3\text{CH(Cl)CH}_3 IV. \text{HC(Br)I Cl}
  50. Q31 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2016 · Paper 1Pentane has the molecular formula \text{C}_5\text{H}_{12}. How many possible isomers does this compound have?
  51. 1(a)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2016 · Paper 2Define the term 'structural isomerism'.
  52. 1(b)(i)4 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2016 · Paper 2Calculate the formula of the hydrocarbon, X.
  53. 1(b)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2016 · Paper 2Hence, write its displayed formula.
  54. 1(c)(i)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2016 · Paper 2Write the name and displayed formula for EACH of the other two alcohols.
  55. 1(c)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2016 · Paper 2When butan-2-ol is heated with phosphoric acid, a mixture of alkenes is produced, one of which exhibits isomerism. Write the names and displayed formulae of the two isomers of this alkene.
  56. 2(c)(ii)3 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2016 · Paper 2State the name of Compound Y and draw its displayed formula.
  57. Q11 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 1The volatility of organic compounds depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces present. Which of the following compounds would be the MOST volatile?
  58. Q21 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 1Items 2-3 refer to the following information about hydrocarbon Z. Hydrocarbon Z has a relative molecular mass of 84. When 0.1\text{ g} of Z was burnt in oxygen, 0.316\text{ g} of carbon dioxide and 0.128\text{ g}…
  59. Q31 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 1Items 2-3 refer to the following information about hydrocarbon Z. Hydrocarbon Z has a relative molecular mass of 84. When 0.1\text{ g} of Z was burnt in oxygen, 0.316\text{ g} of carbon dioxide and 0.128\text{ g}…
  60. Q51 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 1Item 5 refers to the following structural formula of a compound. The correct IUPAC name for the compound is
  61. 1(a)3 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 2State THREE characteristic properties of a homologous series of compounds.
  62. 1(b)(i)2 marks· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 2Calculate the empirical formula of Compound A.
  63. 1(b)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 2Calculate the molecular formula of Compound A.
  64. 1(c)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 2Draw the structural formula of the chlorosubstituted compound of A.
  65. 4(d)1 mark· CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 2Comment on the reaction of Compounds A and B to plane polarized light.
  66. 1(a)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)Give the IUPAC name for Compound A whose molecule is shown below.
  67. 1(a)(i)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(i)Define the term 'structural isomerism'.
  68. 1(a)(i)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(i)Define the term 'structural isomerism'.
  69. 1(a)(i)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(i)State the name of the starting compound.
  70. 1(a)(i)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(i)Describe the term 'homologous series'.
  71. 1(a)(i)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(i)Name EACH of the following compounds in Figure 1. Compound A, Compound B.
  72. 1(a)(ii)3 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(ii)List THREE types of structural isomerism.
  73. 1(a)(ii)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(ii)State the name of a homologous series which only contains aliphatic hydrocarbons.
  74. 1(a)(ii)4 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(ii)Identify TWO types of structural isomers, giving an example of EACH.
  75. 1(a)(ii)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(ii)Define the term 'structural isomerism'.
  76. 1(a)(iii)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(iii)Draw the displayed structural formula of a three-carbon compound of the named homologous series in (a) (ii).
  77. 1(a)(iii)4 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(iii)Draw the displayed structures and provide names for EACH of the following compounds: Compound D, Compound E.
  78. 1(a)(iii)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(iii)State the type of structural isomerism present in Compound A.
  79. 1(a)(iii)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(iii)Define ONE of the types of structural isomerism listed in (a) (ii).
  80. 1(a)(iv)4 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(iv)Describe TWO types of structural isomerism other than the one given in (a)(iii). Draw examples of displayed structures of EACH type.
  81. 1(a)(iv)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(a)(iv)Write the IUPAC name of the displayed structural formula in (a) (iii).
  82. 1(b)(i)5 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(b)(i)A hydrocarbon with molecular formula C₆H₁₄ is known to have five structural isomers. Draw the structures for EACH of these isomers in the space provided below.
  83. 1(b)(i)3 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(b)(i)Calculate the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon, P.
  84. 1(b)(i)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(b)(i)Draw TWO isomers that have ONE methyl substituent.
  85. 1(b)(i)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(b)(i)Distinguish between empirical formula and molecular formula.
  86. 1(b)(ii)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(b)(ii)State the IUPAC names of any TWO isomers in (b) (i).
  87. 1(b)(ii)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(b)(ii)Write the displayed structural formula of P.
  88. 1(b)(ii)3 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(b)(ii)Draw THREE isomers that contain ONLY secondary and tertiary carbon atoms and at least TWO methyl substituents.
  89. 1(b)(ii)4 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(b)(ii)Calculate the empirical formula of Compound A.
  90. 1(b)(iii)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(b)(iii)If the molecular mass of Compound A is 46 a.m.u, what is the molecular formula?
  91. 1(c)(i)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(c)(i)Write the IUPAC names of the geometrical isomers B and C shown below.
  92. 1(c)(i)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(c)(i)Write the displayed structural formula of TWO isomers of Q.
  93. 1(c)(ii)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(c)(ii)Compound B in (c) (i) reacts with HBr to yield Markovnikov product D as an equal mixture of two optical isomers. Define the term 'optical isomer'.
  94. 1(c)(ii)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(c)(ii)State whether Compound Q exhibits geometric (cis/trans) isomerism.
  95. 1(c)(ii)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(c)(ii)State the name of the primary amine, B.
  96. 1(c)(iii)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(c)(iii)Draw the structures of the TWO optical isomers obtained in (c) (ii).
  97. 1(c)(iii)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(c)(iii)State TWO reasons for your answer in (c)(ii).
  98. 1(c)(iii)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(c)(iii)Draw the displayed structural formula of primary amine, B.
  99. 1(c)(iv)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(c)(iv)State the characteristic physical property of primary amine, B which can be observed.
  100. 1(e)(i)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q1 1(e)(i)State the characteristic physical property of the ethyl ethanoate.
  101. 2(a)(i)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(i)Define the term 'allotrope'.
  102. 2(a)(ii)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(ii)Identify the names of R and S.
  103. 2(a)(iii)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(iii)State whether R is an ionic, simple covalent or giant covalent structure.
  104. 2(a)(iv)3 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(iv)In the space below, sketch the structure of R, using solid lines (—) to show strong bonds and dotted lines (••••) to show weak bonds.
  105. 2(a)(v)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q2 2(a)(v)Explain why R conducts electricity but S does not conduct electricity.
  106. 2(b)(i)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q2 2(b)(i)Deduce the type of bonding present in Solid T.
  107. 2(b)(ii)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q2 2(b)(ii)State the appearance that Solid T is expected to have.
  108. 3(a)(i)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q3 3(a)(i)Define the term 'structural isomerism'.
  109. 3(a)(ii)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q3 3(a)(ii)Draw the fully displayed structure of 2-methylbutane.
  110. 3(a)(iii)3 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q3 3(a)(iii)Draw and name ONE other structural isomer of C₅H₁₂.
  111. 4(a)(i)4 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q4 4(a)(i)Complete Table 3 which shows the three subatomic particles and their properties.
  112. 4(a)(ii)5 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q4 4(a)(ii)Draw a labelled diagram to illustrate the location, arrangement and number of EACH type of subatomic particle in Element ²⁹₁₄A.
  113. 4(b)2 marks· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q4 4(b)Calculate the number of atoms in 80.0 g of calcium. [Relative atomic mass of Ca = 40; Avogadro's constant 6.0 × 10²³]
  114. 5(c)(i)1 mark· Chemistry · Unit 2 Q5 5(c)(i)Given that R is an ethyl group, state the molecular formula for Compound A.

Related topics in The Chemistry of Carbon Compounds