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4 marksStructure and Formulae

CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 2 · Question 4(b)

10 cm³ of a gaseous hydrocarbon were mixed with 45 cm³ of oxygen and exploded. After cooling to room temperature, the residual gases occupied 30 cm³. By absorption with NaOH solution, a decrease in volume of 20 cm³ was produced. The remaining gas was oxygen. Determine the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon at 1 atm.

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  1. 4(a)(i)Define the term 'structural isomerism'.[2 marks]
  2. 4(a)(ii)Identify TWO types of structural isomers, giving an example of EACH.[4 marks]
  3. 4(c)Explain the difference in acidity of alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acids, making reference to acid strength, inductive and conjugative effects.[5 marks]

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