CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2

43 questions and parts from this paper. Open one to see it in full, then practise it on Quelpr and get it marked against the mark scheme.

1. 1(a)5 marksExplain how the apparatus in Figure 1 can be used to measure the rate of photosynthesis.
2. 1(b)(i)2 marksExplain the shape of Curve A.
3. 1(b)(ii)2 marksCompare Curves A and B and account for the observed differences.
4. 1(b)(iii)1 markSuggest a possible hypothesis for this experiment.
5. 2(a)(i)3 marksMake a plan drawing (without drawing individual cells) in outline of the structures shown in Figure 3(a) at a magnification of x1.
6. 2(a)(ii)1 markUsing a ruled square or rectangle, indicate on Figure 3(b) the location corresponding to the drawing provided in (a)(i).
7. 2(b)(i)2 marksIdentify each of the structures marked A, B, C, and D on Figure 3(a).
8. 2(b)(ii)1 markIdentify the areas labelled E and F on Figure 3(a).
9. 2(c)1 markState the width of the wall at G as a proportion of the wall width at H.
10. 2(d)2 marksGive a reason for the difference in wall width between G and H.
11. 3(a)(i)a)1 markIdentify which group has the HIGHEST cumulative risk at age 75.
12. 3(a)(i)b)1 markIdentify which group has the LOWEST cumulative risk at age 75.
13. 3(a)(ii)1 markState the age at which all men in this study are considered to have a cumulative risk of zero.
14. 3(a)(iii)1 markDetermine the difference in risk at age 65 between those who stopped smoking at age 30 compared with those who stopped smoking at age 50.
15. 3(a)(iv)2 marksSuggest how the failure of 50-year-old men in 2007 to quit smoking will affect their risk of developing lung cancer in 2027 compared with men who never smoked.
16. 3(b)4 marksDesign a precise experiment and describe the measurements you would take to determine which group is the fittest in terms of pulse rate (P), blood pressure elevation (BP), and breathing rate (BR) following exercise.
17. 4(a)2 marksState TWO specific cellular processes that require energy in living organisms, providing brief explanations of why energy is required for each.
18. 4(b)(i)2 marksExplain what is meant by the term 'glycolysis'.
19. 4(b)(ii)6 marksDescribe, in their correct sequence, SIX major steps in glycolysis.
20. 4(c)(i)6 marksDiscuss the statement that 'anaerobic respiration is considered to be inefficient, in terms of energy, when compared to aerobic respiration', referring to SIX points.
21. 4(c)(ii)4 marksDiscuss, using FOUR points, the importance of lactate production during sustained vigorous exercise.
22. 5(a)6 marksState the sources and the differences between energy flow and nutrient flow through producers, consumers, and decomposers in an ecosystem.
23. 5(b)4 marksPoint out the advantages of a food web over a food chain in nutrient cycling through an ecosystem.
24. 5(c)10 marksApply your knowledge of the nitrogen cycle to explain in detail how deforestation/slash-and-burn interferes with EACH stage of the cycle in tropical rainforests.
25. 6(a)(i)6 marksDraw a large, labelled diagram illustrating the detailed structure of a nephron from a mammalian kidney.
26. 6(a)(ii)4 marksOutline the role of the Loop of Henle in water conservation.
27. 6(b)2 marksDiscuss the effect of pregnancy on the functioning of the kidney.
28. 6(c)8 marksDiscuss the clinical significance of detecting high glucose and protein levels in the urine sample of a 60-year-old patient.
29. 7(a)(i)3 marksDraw a large, clear section through a synapse, labelling the pre- and post-synaptic membranes.
30. 7(a)(ii)2 marksLabel FOUR additional structures on your drawing of a synapse.
31. 7(a)(iii)5 marksDescribe briefly the sequential steps occurring in the transmission of an impulse across a synapse and its reception at the post-synaptic membrane.
32. 7(b)(i)3 marksClarify the role and mode of action of synapses in the event where waking cries of a baby in the bedroom gradually penetrate awareness.
33. 7(b)(ii)3 marksClarify the role and mode of action of synapses when holding onto a painfully hot dish because it is prized china, overriding the reflex to drop it.
34. 7(c)4 marksDiscuss FOUR points of difference between the operation of the nervous and endocrine systems in response to stimuli.
35. 8(a)(i)4 marksExplain how HIV causes AIDS.
36. 8(a)(ii)4 marksOutline FIVE symptoms of AIDS.
37. 8(a)(iii)4 marksDiscuss the impact of AIDS in the Caribbean.
38. 8(b)(i)3 marksBriefly explain how malaria is transmitted to humans.
39. 8(b)(ii)5 marksDiscuss the role of biological factors in the prevention and control of malaria.
40. 9(a)(i)3 marksExplain what is meant by the term 'restriction enzymes' and state their normal function in nature.
41. 9(a)(ii)7 marksDescribe how restriction enzymes are used in genetic engineering using plasmids, bacteria, and gene probes to produce recombinant DNA containing a transplanted gene.
42. 9(b)(i)4 marksComment on therapeutic procedures used to treat a genetic disorder.
43. 9(b)(ii)6 marksGive reasons why most countries prohibit the application of germ cell therapy in humans while permitting somatic cell therapy.