The Kinetic Theory of Gases · CAPE Physics Unit 1

107 past-paper questions on The Kinetic Theory of Gases, part of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Matter, from every CAPE Physics Unit 1 paper on Quelpr.

1. Q381 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2007 · Paper 1Which of the following is NOT an assumption used in the Kinetic Theory of gases?
2. Q401 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2007 · Paper 1The average kinetic energy per molecule of a sample of argon gas is 8 \times 10^{-21}\text{ J}. What is the temperature of the gas?
3. Q361 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2007 (Specimen) · Paper 1What is the average kinetic energy of helium atoms at 27^\circ\text{C}?
4. Q371 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2007 (Specimen) · Paper 1Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the kinetic theory of gases?
5. Q381 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2008 (Rest of Region) · Paper 1A container of fixed volume contains 5.0\text{ mol} of gas at a pressure of 3.5 \times 10^5\text{ Pa}. An extra 4.0\text{ mol} of gas is pumped into the container and the container is allowed to return to its…
6. Q391 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2008 (Rest of Region) · Paper 1Which of the following equations represents the TOTAL kinetic energy of one mole of a monatomic gas?
7. Q431 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2008 (T&T) · Paper 1Helium gas is kept in a container at a pressure of 1.7 \times 10^5\text{ Pa}. If the density of helium is 0.92\text{ kg m}^{-3}, calculate the root mean square speed of the helium atoms.
8. Q41 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2009 · Paper 1The number of moles of carbon-12 atoms in 0.060\text{ kg} is
9. Q381 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2009 · Paper 1Which graph BEST represents pressure 'P' of a gas as a function of its mass when the gas is pumped into a container of fixed volume and the temperature remains constant?
10. Q391 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2009 · Paper 1Which of the following statements is NOT one of the basic assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases?
11. Q401 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2009 · Paper 1What is the pressure of a gas of density 0.09\text{ kg m}^{-3} and root-mean-square velocity of 1\,900\text{ m s}^{-1}?
12. Q41 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2010 · Paper 1The molar mass of aluminium is 27\text{ g} and its density is 2700\text{ kg m}^{-3}. The number of aluminium atoms in a piece of aluminium with a volume of 1.0\text{ m}^3 is approximately
13. Q391 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2010 · Paper 1Avogadro's number is the number of molecules in
14. Q401 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2010 · Paper 1A gas contains N molecules. The speeds of the molecules are C_1, C_2, \dots, C_N. Which of the following equations can be used to determine the r.m.s speed of the molecules?
15. Q41 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2011 · Paper 1The number of moles of carbon-12 atoms in 0.060\text{ kg} is
16. Q381 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2011 · Paper 1Which graph BEST represents pressure 'P' of a gas as a function of its mass when the gas is pumped into a container of fixed volume and the temperature remains constant?
17. Q391 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2011 · Paper 1In the Kinetic Theory for an ideal gas, which of the following statements is NOT a correct assumption?
18. Q401 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2011 · Paper 1A gas contains N molecules. The speeds of the molecules are C_1, C_2, \dots, C_N. Which of the following equations can be used to determine the r.m.s speed of the molecules?
19. Q431 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2011 · Paper 1Helium gas is kept in a container at a pressure of 1.7 \times 10^5\text{ Pa}. If the density of helium is 0.92\text{ kg m}^{-3}, calculate the root mean square speed of the helium atoms.
20. Q391 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2012 · Paper 1Which graph BEST represents pressure 'P' of a gas as a function of its mass when the gas is pumped into a container of fixed volume and the temperature remains constant?
21. Q401 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2012 · Paper 1The total kinetic energy of n moles of a monatomic gas at temperature T is given by the equation
22. Q41 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2013 · Paper 1The number of moles of carbon-12 atoms in 0.060\text{ kg} is
23. Q401 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2013 · Paper 1A gas contains N molecules. The speeds of the molecules are C_1, C_2, \dots, C_N. Which of the following equations can be used to determine the r.m.s speed of the molecules?
24. Q431 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2013 · Paper 1Helium gas is kept in a container at a pressure of 1.7 \times 10^5\text{ Pa}. If the density of helium is 0.92\text{ kg m}^{-3}, calculate the root mean square speed of the helium atoms.
25. Q441 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2013 · Paper 1Which of the following statements is NOT one of the basic assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases?
26. Q41 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2014 · Paper 1The number of moles of carbon-12 atoms in 0.060\text{ kg} is
27. Q391 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2015 · Paper 1The mean kinetic energy of the molecules in a sample of a monoatomic gas is 8.28 \times 10^{-23}\text{ J}. What is the temperature of the gas?
28. Q401 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2015 · Paper 1A gas contains N molecules. The speeds of the molecules are C_1, C_2, \dots, C_N. Which of the following equations can be used to determine the root mean square speed of the molecules?
29. Q411 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2015 · Paper 1Which of the following graphs BEST represents the pressure of a gas as a function of its mass when the gas is pumped into a container of fixed volume and the temperature remains constant?
30. Q431 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2015 · Paper 1Helium gas is kept in a container at a pressure of 1.7 \times 10^5\text{ Pa}. If the density of helium is 0.92\text{ kg m}^{-3}, then what is the root mean square speed of the helium atoms?
31. Q31 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2016 · Paper 1One mole of a substance is the amount that
32. Q381 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2016 · Paper 1A container of 0.05\text{ m}^3 holds 24\text{ g} of oxygen at 47\ ^\circ\text{C}. The relative molar mass of oxygen is 32. What is the pressure exerted on the cylinder?
33. Q391 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2016 · Paper 1In the kinetic theory for an ideal gas, which of the following statements is NOT a correct assumption?
34. Q401 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2016 · Paper 1Which of the following equations can be used to calculate the total kinetic energy of one mole of an ideal gas?
35. Q61 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2017 · Paper 1Avogadro's constant, N_A, is numerically equal to the number of
36. Q391 mark · multiple choice· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2017 · Paper 1The mean kinetic energy of the molecules in a sample of a monoatomic gas is 8.28 \times 10^{-21}\text{ J}. What is the temperature of the gas?
37. 3(a)3 marks· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · May/June 2021 · Paper 2State three assumptions of the kinetic theory of ideal gases.
38. 3(b)(i)3 marks· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · May/June 2021 · Paper 2Calculate the average translational kinetic energy of one molecule of Ne gas.
39. 3(b)(ii)3 marks· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · May/June 2021 · Paper 2Calculate the number of molecules of Ne gas in the metal sphere.
40. 3(b)(iii)4 marks· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · May/June 2021 · Paper 2Calculate the root mean square (r.m.s.) speed of the Ne molecules.
41. 3(a)3 marks· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · May/June 2024 · Paper 2Write the equation of state for an ideal gas, stating the meaning of EACH symbol.
42. 3(b)(i)1 mark· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · May/June 2024 · Paper 2Complete Column 3 of Table 2 by calculating the volume of gas, V/mm³.
43. 3(b)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · May/June 2024 · Paper 2From the graph in 3(b)(ii), determine the temperature at which the volume is 0 mm³.
44. 3(b)(iv)2 marks· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · May/June 2024 · Paper 2State whether it is possible to achieve a state of zero volume for the gas if it is cooled sufficiently. Justify your response.
45. 3(b)(v)2 marks· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · May/June 2024 · Paper 2State the gas law which explains the observations in this experiment.
46. 3(d)(ii)3 marks· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · May/June 2024 · Paper 2Calculate the temperature, T₂, at State 2.
47. 3(g)(ii)3 marks· CAPE Physics Unit 1 · May/June 2025 · Paper 2Use the curve in (g)(i) to determine the relative humidity on a day when the temperature is 32 °C and the saturated vapour pressure of water in the air is 2.0 × 10² Pa.
48. 3(a)2 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(a)Complete Table 2 by inserting the missing values.
49. 3(b)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(b)Using the equation in (a) above, show that the mean kinetic energy of the molecules in 1 mole of an ideal monatomic gas is equal to (3/2) kT, where k is the Boltzmann constant.
50. 3(b)(iii)2 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(b)(iii)Use the ideal gas equation to determine the number of moles of gas present.
51. 3(b)(iii)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(b)(iii)Write the ideal gas equation and use it to determine the number of moles of gas present.
52. 3(c)2 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(c)Given that the root-mean-square (rms) speed of the molecules in a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass, show that the ratio of the rms speeds of nitrogen to oxygen molecules in air is 1.07.…
53. 3(c)2 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(c)If the gas is cooled enough, would its volume actually become zero? Suggest a reason for your answer.
54. 3(d)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(d)1.12 moles of gas in a closed container at a temperature of 273 K exert a pressure of 1.01 × 10⁵ Nm⁻² on the walls of the container. Air is then extracted from the container so that the temperature is reduced to 223 K…
55. 3(d)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(d)Determine temperature, in kelvin, at which the length of the gas column would be 70 mm.
56. 3(d)(ii)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(d)(ii)Calculate the initial temperature of the gas (Stage A).
57. 3(e)(i)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(e)(i)Write the equation of state for an ideal gas.
58. 3(e)(ii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(e)(ii)Outline how this equation is applied in the experiment on page 10.
59. 3(f)2 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(f)If the expansion along AB had continued with no change in direction, what would be the volume of the gas at a pressure of 2 × 10⁵ Nm⁻²?
60. 3(h)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q3 3(h)State what happens to the volume, temperature and pressure of the gas in this process.
61. 6(a)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q6 6(a)Use the equation of state for an ideal gas to determine the number of moles of gas in the cylinder.
62. 6(a)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q6 6(a)Use the equation of state for an ideal gas to find the amount, in moles, of gas in the cylinder.
63. 6(b)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q6 6(b)One mole of an ideal monatomic gas, Cᵥ = (3/2)R, is taken through the cycle represented by states 1 to 4 as shown in Figure 6. Assume that at state 1, P₁ = 1.01 x 10⁵ Pa, V₁ = 0.0225 m³ and T₁ = 273 K and at state 3, T₃…
64. 6(b)(i)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q6 6(b)(i)Using data from the graph, calculate the number of moles of gas.
65. 6(b)(ii)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q6 6(b)(ii)Explain this rise in temperature on a microscopic scale, using the kinetic theory of gases.
66. 6(b)(ii)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q6 6(b)(ii)Explain this rise in temperature on a microscopic scale, using the kinetic theory of gases.
67. 6(b)(ii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q6 6(b)(ii)the temperature T₂ at state 2
68. 6(c)2 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q6 6(c)Calculate the pressure of the gas after the compression in (b).
69. 6(c)2 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q6 6(c)Calculate the pressure of the gas after this compression.
70. 8(a)(i)a)8 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(a)(i)a)State THREE assumptions made in the kinetic theory of gases.
71. 8(a)(i)b)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(a)(i)b)Explain how the kinetic theory is used to explain the pressure in a gas.
72. 8(a)(ii)8 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(a)(ii)Use the kinetic theory to explain why the piston at D eventually pushes on the switch at E.
73. 8(a)(ii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(a)(ii)Three molecules have speeds of v, 4v and 8v. What is their mean speed and root mean square (r.m.s.) speed?
74. 8(b)(i)9 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(b)(i)State THREE assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases which are used in the derivation of the expression above.
75. 8(b)(ii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(b)(ii)Write down the equation of state for an ideal gas in terms of its thermodynamic temperature T, stating what each symbol represents.
76. 8(b)(ii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(b)(ii)Calculate the change in volume of the gas.
77. 8(b)(iii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(b)(iii)Hence, show that the average kinetic energy, Eₖ, of a molecule of an ideal gas can be written as Eₖ = (3/2)nRT, where the symbols have their usual meaning.
78. 8(b)(iii)a)9 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(b)(iii)a)Calculate the number of moles of helium atoms in the container.
79. 8(b)(iii)b)9 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(b)(iii)b)Calculate the total kinetic energy of the helium atoms.
80. 8(c)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(c)Explain what happens to the piston at D and why.
81. 8(c)(i)5 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(c)(i)Calculate the number of moles of helium in the container.
82. 8(c)(ii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(c)(ii)Calculate the number of helium atoms in the container.
83. 8(c)(iii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(c)(iii)Calculate the average kinetic energy, Eₖ, of an atom of helium in the container.
84. 8(d)2 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q8 8(d)Calculate the final pressure of the gas.
85. 9(a)5 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)Write down an expression for the pressure of an ideal gas in terms of the mean square speed of its molecules. State FOUR assumptions that are required in the derivation of this expression.
86. 9(a)(i)8 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(i)State FOUR of the basic postulates of the kinetic theory of an ideal gas.
87. 9(a)(i)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(i)Explain why the molecules of a gas do not all move at the same speed.
88. 9(a)(i)a)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(i)a)Use the kinetic theory of gases to explain how the molecules inside a gas cylinder containing oxygen are able to exert a pressure.
89. 9(a)(i)b)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(i)b)Use the kinetic theory of gases to explain why pumping in more oxygen increases the pressure inside it.
90. 9(a)(i)c)2 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(i)c)Use the kinetic theory of gases to explain why the pressure would increase if the cylinder were left in the sun for a long time.
91. 9(a)(ii)8 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(ii)Write an expression connecting the pressure of an ideal gas with the mean square speed of the molecules.
92. 9(a)(ii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(ii)Define the term 'the mole'.
93. 9(a)(ii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(ii)What is the meaning of the term r.m.s. speed? How is it calculated?
94. 9(a)(ii)4 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(ii)A cylinder contains 2.8 mol of oxygen at room temperature, 27°C, and the pressure inside the cylinder is 4.5 x 10⁵ Pa. The temperature rises to 47 °C when another 3.9 mol of oxygen is pumped into the cylinder. Find the…
95. 9(a)(iii)8 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(iii)Using the expression you stated above and the ideal gas equation, pV = nRT, derive an expression for the total translational kinetic energy of a monatomic gas.
96. 9(a)(iii)8 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(a)(iii)Derive the expression relating the r.m.s. speed of the molecules of an ideal gas to the pressure exerted by the gas: PV = (1/3)Nm c²
97. 9(b)3 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(b)Write down another expression for the pressure of a fixed mass of an ideal gas in terms of its volume and absolute temperature. Show that the expression is consistent with that in part (a), provided that a certain…
98. 9(b)(i)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(b)(i)What is the mass of the helium?
99. 9(b)(i)12 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(b)(i)the initial volume of the gas.
100. 9(b)(ii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(b)(ii)Find the r.m.s. speed of the helium molecules.
101. 9(b)(ii)12 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(b)(ii)the final temperature of the gas.
102. 9(b)(iii)12 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(b)(iii)What would be the r.m.s. speed of oxygen molecules (molar mass 32 g/mol) at the same temperature of 400 K?
103. 9(b)(vi)12 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(b)(vi)the root mean square speed, v_rms, of the hydrogen molecules after the expansion.
104. 9(c)(i)12 marks· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(c)(i)Estimate the number of molecules in the vessel.
105. 9(c)(ii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(c)(ii)Estimate the mean square speed of the molecules.
106. 9(c)(iii)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(c)(iii)Estimate the total translational kinetic energy of the molecules.
107. 9(c)(iv)1 mark· Physics · Unit 1 Q9 9(c)(iv)Estimate the average translational kinetic energy of a molecule.