CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2008 · Paper 2

43 questions and parts from this paper. Open one to see it in full, then practise it on Quelpr and get it marked against the mark scheme.

1. 1(a)4 marksWith reference to Figure 1, state FOUR deductions that can be made regarding the agricultural yield from the farm.
2. 1(b)4 marksDistinguish between 'organic' and 'inorganic' fertilizers.
3. 1(c)12 marksDiscuss why, despite the trend shown in Figure 1, farmers are encouraged to increase their use of organic fertilizers over inorganic fertilizers. Include SIX points in your response.
4. 2(a)4 marksWith reference to Figure 2, comment on the contributions of subsistence and commercial agriculture to employment, foreign exchange earnings, and GDP in Country A.
5. 2(b)12 marksExplain how mechanization accounts for the differences in contributions shown in Figure 2.
6. 2(c)4 marksDescribe ONE feature of sustainable agriculture.
7. 3(a)6 marksExplain, using SIX points, why the agricultural extension officer stated that hillside farming practices were responsible for increased soil erosion and water quality degradation.
8. 3(b)6 marksJustify, using SIX points, the advice given to farmers to practise crop rotation in order to improve yields and reduce pest infestation.
9. 3(c)(i)1 markName ONE soil conservation method suitable for hillside farmers in Toco Village.
10. 3(c)(ii)3 marksBriefly describe the soil conservation method named in (c)(i) and explain the role it plays in soil conservation.
11. 3(d)(i)2 marksOutline TWO features of no-tillage farming.
12. 3(d)(ii)2 marksOutline why no-tillage farming is effective in reducing soil erosion.
13. 4(a)(i)1 markList the types of fossil fuels.
14. 4(a)(ii)3 marksOutline the formation of fossil fuels.
15. 4(b)(i)4 marksCompare the annual consumption of fossil fuels in 1990 with that in 2000, and consumption in 2000 with that in 2003.
16. 4(b)(ii)6 marksDescribe ONE environmental and ONE social impact on developing countries resulting from the consumption pattern shown in Figure 3.
17. 4(c)(i)2 marksUsing an appropriate example, outline what is meant by 'demand management' in relation to energy use.
18. 4(c)(ii)4 marksExplain how 'demand management' can help mitigate the impacts of fossil fuel consumption.
19. 5(a)4 marksDescribe the energy-conversion process occurring in the hydroelectric power plant, clarifying the meaning of 'potential energy' and 'kinetic energy'.
20. 5(b)4 marksState TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages of hydroelectric power generation.
21. 5(c)12 marksAssess the suitability of (i) hydroelectricity and (ii) solar energy to adequately meet the energy needs of developing countries, including SIX points in each response.
22. 6(a)(i)2 marksState what is meant by a power rating of 60 W.
23. 6(a)(ii)2 marksState what is meant by an efficiency of 5%.
24. 6(b)4 marksOutline TWO advantages of energy conservation.
25. 6(c)(i)1 markWhat is meant by 'cogeneration'?
26. 6(c)(ii)2 marksOutline how cogeneration is achieved.
27. 6(c)(iii)3 marksComment on the appropriateness of cogeneration systems for use in Caribbean countries.
28. 6(d)6 marksExplain how improving energy efficiency mitigates (reduces) environmental impacts resulting from energy use.
29. 7(a)4 marksState FOUR inferences that may be drawn from the data in Table 1.
30. 7(b)4 marksOutline TWO environmental pathways of the pesticide.
31. 7(c)6 marksAccount for the differences in dieldrin concentration among the organisms in Table 1. Include THREE points in your response.
32. 7(d)6 marksDescribe TWO characteristics of pesticides that account for their environmental impact.
33. 8(a)(i)2 marksState TWO major changes in the composition of solid waste between 1998 and 2007.
34. 8(a)(ii)2 marksState the environmental significance of ONE of the changes identified in (a)(i).
35. 8(b)4 marksSuggest TWO reasons for the change in solid waste composition between 1998 and 2007.
36. 8(c)4 marksExplain why it is necessary to minimise the amount of solid waste produced in Caribbean countries.
37. 8(d)(i)2 marksWhat is meant by 'recycling'?
38. 8(d)(ii)6 marksAssess the effectiveness of proposed recycling programmes in minimising solid waste volume, including TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages.
39. 9(a)3 marksWhat information is provided by the BOD of a water sample?
40. 9(b)5 marksOutline the laboratory process for determining BOD.
41. 9(c)3 marksIdentify the type of water pollution source impacting the river and justify your response.
42. 9(d)5 marksAccount for the changes in DO concentration along the river.
43. 9(e)4 marksAt what distance from the reference point is it LIKELY that dead fish will be found floating in the river? Justify your answer.