CAPE Biology Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2

31 questions and parts from this paper. Open one to see it in full, then practise it on Quelpr and get it marked against the mark scheme.

1. 1(a)(i)a)1.5 marksOn Figure 1, use a labelled arrow to indicate the stages at which ATP is used and ADP released, including the number of molecules involved.
2. 1(a)(i)b)1.5 marksOn Figure 1, use a labelled arrow to indicate the stage at which NADPH is used and NADP+ released, including the number of molecules involved.
3. 1(a)(ii)3 marksOutline the MAIN purpose of EACH of the three main phases of the Calvin cycle shown by the pie sections in Figure 1: - First phase - Second phase - Third phase
4. 1(a)(iii)2 marksState ONE difference between the Calvin cycle and Krebs cycle (do NOT state the site of pathways as a difference).
5. 1(b)(i)4 marksDescribe the changes in blood lactate and glucose levels over the exercise period for cyclists who used pyruvate supplements.
6. 1(b)(ii)2 marksAccount for the trend observed in blood lactate levels during the first 60 minutes of the cycling activity.
7. 1(b)(iii)1 markBased on the data in Figure 2, suggest what conclusion may be drawn regarding the effect of pyruvate supplements on aerobic performance.
8. 2(a)(i)5 marksIn the boxes in Figure 3, use annotated labels to describe the structure of A, B, C, D and E.
9. 2(a)(ii)3 marksState the role of EACH of A, C, and D in the functioning of the heart.
10. 2(a)(iii)1 markState the role of the autonomic nervous system in the functioning of the heart.
11. 2(b)(i)2 marksUse arrows labelled A and B on Figure 4 to indicate TWO separate locations where the movement of ions across the root is by active transport.
12. 2(b)(ii)2 marksFor EACH of the two locations identified in (b)(i), outline the movement of ions into and out of the cells.
13. 2(b)(iii)2 marksExplain the relationship between the movement of ions and the movement of water across the root.
14. 3(a)(i)5 marksOn the grid provided on page 11, plot the data for Accidents and Hypertension for the years 1985, 1990, 1995 and 2000 in the form of a bar graph.
15. 3(a)(ii)2 marksComment on the trends in mortality rates recorded for Cancers and Diabetes over the 16-year period.
16. 3(a)(iii)1 markBased on the data shown in Table 1, deduce the leading cause of death in CAREC member countries.
17. 3(b)(i)2 marksExplain what is meant by the term 'balanced diet'.
18. 3(b)(ii)a)2 marksWith reference to Figure 5, state TWO MAJOR categories of food in a balanced diet.
19. 3(b)(ii)b)1 markWith reference to Figure 5, state ONE food group which should be consumed in moderation.
20. 3(b)(iii)2 marksComment on ONE possible health consequence of regularly consuming fats in excess of the daily requirement.
21. 4(a)(i)4 marksExplain what is meant by the terms 'species diversity' and 'stability' of a community.
22. 4(a)(ii)5 marksExplain why species diversity is positively correlated with ecosystem stability, referring to resistance and resilience of the communities in the ecosystem.
23. 4(b)(i)2 marksDefine the term 'food chain' in terms of energy flow.
24. 4(b)(ii)4 marksExplain why a food web better describes energy flow in an ecosystem than does a food chain.
25. 5(a)(i)2 marksExplain what is meant by the term 'synaptic transmission'.
26. 5(a)(ii)5 marksOutline the MAIN steps in the chemical transmission of an action potential across a synapse (no diagrams required).
27. 5(b)(i)2 marksOutline the TWO MAJOR functions of the human kidney.
28. 5(b)(ii)6 marksDiscuss the significance of ultrafiltration, selective re-absorption and secretion in relation to the two major functions of the kidney stated in (b)(i).
29. 6(a)(i)6 marksExplain the term 'complement', and outline its role in the body's response to invasion by foreign organisms.
30. 6(a)(ii)3 marksDiscuss why redness, warmth, and swelling at the site of entry of foreign organisms are each an indication that the body is attempting to eliminate them.
31. 6(b)6 marksDiscuss THREE ways in which smoking cigarettes consistently over a prolonged period may result in breathlessness or difficulty in breathing, referring to emphysema and bronchitis.