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2 marksFunctional Group Analysis, Reactions and Mechanisms

CAPE Chemistry Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 2 · Question 1(c)

The reaction between carbonyl compounds and HCN occurs via nucleophilic addition to yield a cyanohydrin.

Outline the mechanism for the reaction between a carbonyl compound and HCN, using curved arrows to show electron movement.

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Other parts of this question

  1. 1(a)(i)Draw the chemical structures of the products formed at P from the alkaline hydrolysis of Compound X.[2 marks]
  2. 1(a)(ii)Draw the chemical structures of the products formed at Q from the transesterification reaction of Compound X with methanol and sodium hydroxide.[2 marks]
  3. 1(a)(iii)a)Identify the process which leads to the formation of the products at P.[1 mark]
  4. 1(a)(iii)b)Identify the process which leads to the formation of the products at Q.[1 mark]
  5. 1(a)(iv)a)State a use of the non-alcoholic product formed at P.[1 mark]
  6. 1(a)(iv)b)State a use of the non-alcoholic product formed at Q.[1 mark]
  7. 1(b)(i)a)State the observation when 1.0 cm³ of Z is treated with 2,4-DNPH, given the inference that Z is a carbonyl compound.[1 mark]
  8. 1(b)(i)b)State the observation when 1.0 cm³ of Z is heated with acidified KMnO4, given the inference that Z reduces KMnO4.[1 mark]
  9. 1(b)(i)c)State the inference when 1.0 cm³ of Z gives a silver mirror with Tollen's reagent.[1 mark]
  10. 1(b)(i)d)State the inference when 1.0 cm³ of Z shows no reaction with Fehling's solution.[1 mark]
  11. 1(b)(ii)Draw the likely chemical structure for Compound Z based on the observations in Table 1.[1 mark]

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