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3 marksForces of Attraction

CAPE Chemistry Unit 1 · May/June 2019 · Paper 2 · Question 1(b)(iv)

Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water, H2O, and is also present in the hydronium ion, H3O+.

Explain why the density of ice is lower than expected.

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Other parts of this question

  1. 1(a)(i)Explain how the atomic emission spectrum of hydrogen is produced.[3 marks]
  2. 1(a)(ii)Identify the series of lines in Figure 1.[1 mark]
  3. 1(a)(iii)Assess how the series of lines in Figure 1 provides evidence for discrete energy levels in hydrogen.[4 marks]
  4. 1(a)(iv)In Figure 2, draw the electron transitions occurring between energy levels associated with the origin of the lines in the visible region of the hydrogen…[4 marks]
  5. 1(b)(i)Write the electronic configuration of oxygen in its ground state using s, p notation.[1 mark]
  6. 1(b)(ii)Draw the shapes of the s and p orbitals.[2 marks]
  7. 1(b)(iii)Use the VSEPR theory to deduce the arrangement of the orbitals and the shape or bond angles around each of the oxygen atom in a molecule of water (H2O) and the…[4 marks]
  8. 1(c)Using the bond energies from Table 1, determine the enthalpy of reaction, ΔH_r.[3 marks]
  9. 1(d)Outline an experiment to determine the heat of solution of ammonium nitrate, including a labelled diagram of the apparatus, data to be collected, and how the…[5 marks]

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