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2 marksForces of Attraction

CAPE Chemistry Unit 1 · 2005 · Paper 1 · Question 5(a)(i)

Benzene is unreactive with concentrated sulphuric acid at 50 °C and reacts slowly with concentrated nitric acid alone, but reacts readily with a mixture of both acids to form nitrobenzene.

Suggest an explanation for the difference in behaviour of benzene under the stated conditions.

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Other parts of this question

  1. 5(a)(ii)Write an equation to illustrate the reaction between sulphuric acid and nitric acid.[2 marks]
  2. 5(b)(i)Illustrate the reaction mechanism for the nitration of benzene.[4 marks]
  3. 5(b)(ii)What is the name given to the mechanism outlined for the nitration of benzene?[1 mark]
  4. 5(c)Nitrobenzene reacts with tin and concentrated hydrochloric acid. State the product formed.[1 mark]

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