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8 marksMotions

CAPE Physics Unit 1 · 2005 · Paper 2 · Question 4(a)(iv)

Figures II (a) and II (b) show Newton's cradle, an apparatus with 5 identical spheres hung from a frame, used to demonstrate elastic collisions.

In fact in the above demonstration the incoming spheres come to rest but TWO spheres move off together on the other side with velocity v. Show that BOTH the conservation laws are now satisfied.

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Other parts of this question

  1. 4(a)(i)Define the term 'momentum.'[1 mark]
  2. 4(a)(ii)Which TWO physical quantities are conserved in an elastic collision?[1 mark]
  3. 4(a)(iii)TWO of the spheres, each of mass m, are pulled to one side as shown in Figure II (b) and released so that they strike the others with velocity v. A student…[1 mark]
  4. 4(b)(i)What is the change of momentum of the car during this collision?[1 mark]
  5. 4(b)(ii)Find the impulse of the force acting on the car.[1 mark]
  6. 4(b)(iii)Sketch a graph to show the typical variation of force with time during a collision like this and state what the area under the graph represents.[1 mark]
  7. 4(b)(iv)Find the average force acting on the car during the collision.[1 mark]
  8. 4(b)(v)Discuss why modern cars are designed to crumple in a head-on collision. Illustrate your answer with a sketch graph (labelled CRASH 2) using the same scale as…[12 marks]

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