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Water and Land Pollution · CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2

111 past-paper questions on Water and Land Pollution, part of Pollution of the Environment, from every CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 paper on Quelpr.

Practise Water and Land Pollution
  1. 12(a)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 1Suggest TWO reasons for the change in dissolved oxygen concentration observed beyond 20 km.
  2. 12(b)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 1Outline ONE process that has caused the change in dissolved oxygen concentration.
  3. 12(c)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 1What is the likely effect on organisms inhabiting the river between 40 km and 100 km?
  4. 7(a)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 2Explain the importance of the water quality parameters BOD, TSS, and TN in monitoring water pollution.
  5. 7(b)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 2Identify ONE possible cause and ONE source in Caribbean countries that can influence EACH of the parameters (BOD, TSS, and TN).
  6. 7(c)(i)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 2Describe TWO environmental impacts associated with water pollution.
  7. 7(c)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 2For EACH impact identified in (c)(i), suggest ONE method to mitigate it.
  8. 9(a)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 2Outline TWO problems associated with the use of dump sites in the Caribbean.
  9. 9(b)8 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 2Based on the composition of solid waste shown in Figure 2, discuss how the volume of solid waste that reaches the dump could be reduced.
  10. 9(c)8 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2004 · Paper 2Discuss an alternative waste disposal method that is appropriate for Caribbean countries, including THREE advantages and ONE disadvantage of this method.
  11. 11(a)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 1State TWO other types of readings or parameters that could have been obtained to determine the water quality of the river.
  12. 11(b)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 1Explain the significance of the BOD value of 5 mg/l given.
  13. 11(c)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 1State TWO sources of water pollutants that cause high BOD.
  14. 11(d)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 1State ONE environmental impact of high BOD values in water.
  15. 8(a)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 2Explain what is meant by the term 'hazardous waste'. In your explanation, identify ONE example and the source of this type of waste in the Caribbean.
  16. 8(b)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 2Define THREE categories of hazardous waste in terms of the impact of EACH on human beings.
  17. 8(c)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 2Outline FOUR considerations when planning for the disposal of hazardous waste.
  18. 8(d)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 2Describe an appropriate method for the disposal of hazardous waste in a Caribbean country.
  19. 9(c)11 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2005 · Paper 2Outline a wastewater treatment process that removes pathogens and nutrients.
  20. 7(a)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2006 · Paper 2Outline the trend shown in Figure 3.
  21. 7(b)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2006 · Paper 2Identify the TWO major types of water pollutant existing in the coastal waters of Island Z.
  22. 7(c)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2006 · Paper 2For EACH of the pollutants identified in (b) above, state its source.
  23. 7(d)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2006 · Paper 2Explain how the loss of coral cover could be caused by ONE of the pollutants identified.
  24. 7(e)7 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2006 · Paper 2Outline a water treatment process that would address the high levels of faecal coliform in coastal waters.
  25. 8(a)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2006 · Paper 2What is a 'refuse derived fuel' incinerator?
  26. 8(b)18 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2006 · Paper 2Discuss the use of incinerators as a MAJOR method of solid waste disposal in Caribbean countries, considering at least TWO advantages and THREE disadvantages.
  27. 9(a)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2006 · Paper 2Describe ONE technological process that can be used to clean up soil contaminated with hazardous waste.
  28. 7(a)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2State the names of two hazardous chemicals that may be found in soils.
  29. 7(b)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Describe the trend shown in Figure 3.
  30. 7(c)9 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Explain why the trend shown in Figure 3 poses a significant threat to humans and other organisms in Country Y, including three reasons with appropriate examples.
  31. 7(d)7 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Explain how human activities in neighboring countries could contribute to the trend shown in Figure 3.
  32. 8(a)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Explain what is meant by the term 'water quality standard'.
  33. 8(b)(i)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Using the data in Table 1 and Table 2, assess the suitability of using River Z for recreational purposes.
  34. 8(b)(ii)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Using the data in Table 1 and Table 2, assess the suitability of using River Z as a drinking water source.
  35. 8(c)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Outline two reasons for the presence of nitrates in the river water.
  36. 8(d)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2007 · Paper 2Describe two environmental impacts of nitrates on the river ecosystem.
  37. 8(a)(i)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2008 · Paper 2State TWO major changes in the composition of solid waste between 1998 and 2007.
  38. 8(a)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2008 · Paper 2State the environmental significance of ONE of the changes identified in (a)(i).
  39. 8(b)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2008 · Paper 2Suggest TWO reasons for the change in solid waste composition between 1998 and 2007.
  40. 8(c)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2008 · Paper 2Explain why it is necessary to minimise the amount of solid waste produced in Caribbean countries.
  41. 8(d)(i)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2008 · Paper 2What is meant by 'recycling'?
  42. 8(d)(ii)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2008 · Paper 2Assess the effectiveness of proposed recycling programmes in minimising solid waste volume, including TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages.
  43. 9(a)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2008 · Paper 2What information is provided by the BOD of a water sample?
  44. 9(b)5 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2008 · Paper 2Outline the laboratory process for determining BOD.
  45. 9(c)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2008 · Paper 2Identify the type of water pollution source impacting the river and justify your response.
  46. 9(d)5 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2008 · Paper 2Account for the changes in DO concentration along the river.
  47. 9(e)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2008 · Paper 2At what distance from the reference point is it LIKELY that dead fish will be found floating in the river? Justify your answer.
  48. 7(a)(i)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Rank the different solid waste types in order of increasing daily mass entering the landfill.
  49. 7(a)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Determine the percentage contribution of the waste type with the smallest daily mass in the landfill.
  50. 7(a)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Calculate the time (in days) required to deposit 28 tonnes of waste of the composition shown in Table 3.
  51. 7(a)(iv)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Suggest ONE reason why the quantity of metal disposed of at the landfill is relatively low.
  52. 7(b)(i)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Define the term 'leachate'.
  53. 7(b)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Identify FOUR pollutants, excluding leachate, that can be released by a landfill.
  54. 7(c)(i)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Identify which well is MOST likely to be contaminated by the landfill.
  55. 7(c)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Explain how a pollutant from the landfill could contaminate the drinking water well.
  56. 7(c)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2009 · Paper 2Explain why the other drinking water well is NOT likely to become contaminated.
  57. 8(a)(i)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2At what distance from the sewage plant is the dissolved oxygen concentration at its LOWEST?
  58. 8(a)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2What is the LOWEST dissolved oxygen concentration in the river?
  59. 8(a)(iii)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2Given that fish must have a minimum of 3 mg/L dissolved oxygen for survival, for what distance downstream of the sewage treatment plant is the river completely without fish?
  60. 8(b)(i)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2Copy and complete Table 2 to show the name and ONE source of THREE different water pollutants EXCEPT nitrates.
  61. 8(b)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2Outline how TWO of the pollutants you mentioned in (b)(i) above impact the environment.
  62. 8(d)(i)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2You have been asked to recommend a nitrate-measuring method for your new laboratory. Assuming that you only need to consider the data provided in Table 3, which method would you recommend and why?
  63. 8(d)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2Before you can make a final decision on which method to use for your laboratory, what is the MOST important factor that you must take into account?
  64. 9(a)(i)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2Define the term 'bioremediation'.
  65. 9(a)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2How long did it take for the TPH level to drop to 60% of its initial level?
  66. 9(a)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2What was the loss in actual TPH concentration by the end of the study?
  67. 9(a)(iv)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2How do you know that it was the new bacterial culture that accomplished the reduction indicated in Figure 8?
  68. 9(b)(i)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2Outline the functioning of incineration as a solid waste disposal technique.
  69. 9(b)(ii)10 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2010 · Paper 2Incineration is being considered in a number of Caribbean islands as an alternative to open landfills as a waste disposal technique. Discuss this proposal. Include TWO advantages and THREE disadvantages of incineration…
  70. 6(a)(i)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 2List THREE categories of waste produced in the Caribbean.
  71. 6(a)(ii)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 2Make THREE deductions from the information presented in Figure 6.
  72. 6(a)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2011 · Paper 2Based on the information in Figure 6 estimate the projected waste production in 2010 for Country A.
  73. 5(a)(i)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2Define the term 'BOD'.
  74. 5(a)(ii)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2How many times during the monitoring period was the sewage treatment plant malfunctioning?
  75. 5(a)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2Explain how you arrived at the answer to (a)(ii).
  76. 5(a)(iv)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2What were the first and last days of the LONGEST plant malfunction?
  77. 5(a)(v)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2On average, what was the BOD concentration when the plant was operating normally?
  78. 5(b)(ii)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2012 · Paper 2Fully discuss ONE possible environmental impact of the effluent from the sewage treatment plant on the river.
  79. 6(a)5 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 2Outline a plan that will allow you to determine the source of the problems being experienced by the residents and farmers of Green Valley Village, explaining clearly how the plan will allow you to determine the source.
  80. 6(b)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 2State THREE pollutants that are likely to be found in the Green Valley River.
  81. 6(d)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2013 · Paper 2Suggest TWO measures that can be implemented to mitigate the impact of pollution on the residents and farmers in the Green Valley area.
  82. 5(b)(i)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 2Explain why the average nitrate concentrations in the two ponds are so different, even though the concentration of nitrate entering each pond is the same.
  83. 5(b)(ii)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 2State the name of the MOST likely environmental impact that will occur in Ponds A and B and discuss how this impact will affect the ponds.
  84. 5(b)(iii)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 2Suggest ONE measure that could be taken to mitigate the environmental impact identified in (b)(ii).
  85. 5(b)(iv)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2014 · Paper 2State whether the measure suggested in (b)(iii) would be effective, giving ONE reason for your answer.
  86. 5(a)(i)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 2Identify THREE pollutants that could originate from a solid waste landfill.
  87. 5(a)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 2Calculate the percentage increase in solid waste deposited at landfills in Saint Lucia from 1999 to 2000.
  88. 5(a)(iii)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2015 · Paper 2Given Saint Lucia's population of approximately 152 000 in 1998, calculate the solid waste per capita sent to landfills in 1998.
  89. 5(a)5 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 2Draw a bar graph on the grid provided on page 21 to illustrate the information in Table 1.
  90. 6(a)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 2Use Figures 4 and 5 to discuss TWO impacts that may occur as a result of the activities carried out at the solid waste disposal site.
  91. 6(b)(i)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 2Identify TWO critical parts that are missing from the landfill in Figure 4.
  92. 6(b)(ii)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 2Recycling is one mechanism that can reduce land pollution from landfills by reducing waste materials in the landfill. Outline THREE critical steps that are required for a recycling project to work.
  93. 6(b)(iii)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 2Evaluate whether large-scale recycling would be feasible in the Caribbean context.
  94. 6(c)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2017 · Paper 2An environmental conservation group recommended incineration as an alternative method for treating the hazardous waste which is brought to the site in Figure 4. State THREE advantages and THREE disadvantages of…
  95. 5(a)(i)5 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2018 · Paper 2Draw a diagram to illustrate the cross section of a modern landfill.
  96. 5(a)(ii)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2018 · Paper 2Outline THREE disadvantages of landfills.
  97. 5(b)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2018 · Paper 2Discuss TWO alternative methods of waste disposal.
  98. 5(c)5 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2018 · Paper 2Use the data in Figure 3 to complete Table 3 for the months of February, May, July, September, and November.
  99. 6(a)(i)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2018 · Paper 2Explain the method of waste minimization demonstrated by Process A in Figure 4.
  100. 6(a)(ii)8 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2018 · Paper 2Discuss TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages of implementing the waste minimization method demonstrated by Process A.
  101. 6(b)(i)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2018 · Paper 2What is the hypothesis of this experiment?
  102. 6(b)(ii)2 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2018 · Paper 2Why is Bottle B included in the experiment?
  103. 6(b)(iii)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2018 · Paper 2What conclusion should be drawn from the results of this experiment? Justify your answer.
  104. 2(a)(iv)6 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2019 · Paper 2A decision is taken to use inorganic fertilizers in a garden that is watered daily and located on the banks of a river. Name the likely impact this will have on the environment, and describe what is likely to occur as a…
  105. 6(a)(i)1 mark· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2019 · Paper 2Use the data in Table 3 to deduce the point in the river where the pollution problem is greatest.
  106. 6(a)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2019 · Paper 2Outline an experimental approach to determine whether the sewage disposal practices of Cielo Village or the El Frio Fish Processing Plant is more likely responsible for the water pollution problem, clearly indicating…
  107. 6(e)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2019 · Paper 2State what type of pollution sources Azul Village and Cielo Village can be described as, and briefly explain your response.
  108. 5(c)(i)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2021 · Paper 2Discuss ONE impact that an oil spill would have on the economy of a Caribbean country.
  109. 5(c)(ii)4 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2021 · Paper 2At a school debate you are asked to justify why preventing an oil spill is more effective than cleaning up a spill that has occurred. Discuss ONE argument to support this opinion.
  110. 6(b)(i)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2021 · Paper 2The farmer on the farm in Figure 6 is concerned about pesticides getting into the stream. Explain how pesticides may get into the stream even though the farmer is careful about spraying only crops that are far from the…
  111. 6(b)(ii)3 marks· CAPE Environmental Science Unit 2 · 2021 · Paper 2State THREE steps that may be taken to determine whether the pesticide is entering the stream.

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