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3 marksEnergetics

CSEC Chemistry · January 2011 · Paper 2 · Question 1(a)(v)

An experiment is conducted to determine the end point of an acid-base reaction by measuring temperature changes when different volumes of a strong acid react with a strong base. Table 1 shows volumes of sulfuric acid reacting with 25 cm³ of 2.0 mol dm⁻³ sodium hydroxide and the resulting temperature changes. Figure 1 shows thermometer readings for the addition of 10 cm³ and 20 cm³ of H₂SO₄.

Draw the TWO lines of best fit through the points in (iv) above where the temperature is increasing and where the temperature is decreasing and hence determine the end point of the reaction. Volume of H₂SO₄ at end point

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Other parts of this question

  1. 1(a)(i)Differentiate between a 'strong acid' and a 'weak acid'.[2 marks]
  2. 1(a)(ii)Suggest ONE other base that could be used instead of NaOH.[1 mark]
  3. 1(a)(iii)Using the thermometer readings in Figure 1, complete Table 1 by recording the temperature for the addition of 10 cm³ and 20 cm³ of the H₂SO₄.[2 marks]
  4. 1(a)(iv)Plot the points for temperature against volume of acid added using the axes on page 3.[3 marks]
  5. 1(a)(vi)Write a balanced equation for this reaction.[2 marks]
  6. 1(a)(vii)Calculate the number of moles of NaOH used in the reaction.[1 mark]
  7. 1(a)(viii)Calculate the concentration of H₂SO₄ in mol dm⁻³.[2 marks]
  8. 1(b)(i)Identify Solution X.[1 mark]
  9. 1(b)(ii)Identify ONE flaw in the procedure that Paul used for carrying out EACH test.[2 marks]
  10. 1(b)(iii)Write a balanced equation for the reaction occurring in Tube 1. Balanced equation:[2 marks]
  11. 1(b)(iv)Explain why nitric acid instead of sulphuric acid is used in the experiment in Tube 1 in order to obtain a positive test result.[4 marks]

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